<p><strong><span style="font-size: large;">雙金屬溫度計的原理及應用</span></strong></p> <div><span><strong>1主題內容與適用范圍</strong></span></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">本標準規(guī)定了工業(yè)雙金屬溫度計（以下簡稱溫度計）的術語及定義、產(chǎn)品分類、技術要求、試驗方法、檢驗規(guī)則、標志、包裝等。</span></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">本標準適用于由雙金屬元件和護套組成溫度檢驗元件，具有圓形標度盤，以及測量范圍為-80～+500℃的溫度計。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">2</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">引用標準</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">ZBY 002 </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">儀器儀表運輸、運輸貯存基本環(huán)境條件及試驗方法</span></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">ZBY003 </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">儀表儀表包裝技術條件</span></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">ZBY120 </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">工業(yè)自動化儀表工作條件——溫度、濕度和大氣壓力</span></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">ZBY122 </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">工業(yè)自動化儀表指針指示部分的基本型式、尺寸及指針的一般技術要求</span></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">ZBY123 </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">工業(yè)自動化儀表標度的一般規(guī)定</span></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">ZBY247 </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">工業(yè)自動化儀表術語</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">3 </span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">術語及定義</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">本標準除采用ZB Y247外，還有以下術語及定義適用于本標準。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">3.1 </span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">角型 </span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">檢驗元件軸線與標度盤平面垂直的型式，亦稱軸向型。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">3.2</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">直型</span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;"> 檢驗元件軸線與標度盤平面平行的型式，亦稱徑向型。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">3.3 </span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">插入長度</span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;"> 從檢驗元件下端至安裝連接接合面或錐螺紋下端的長度（見附錄A圖A1～A4中L）。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">3.4</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">置入長度</span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;"> 從檢驗元件下端算起，檢驗元件處于被測介質中的長度。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">4</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">產(chǎn)品分類和基本參數(shù)</span></strong></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">4.1 </span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">型式</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">溫度計按指示裝置與檢驗元件連接安裝方式不同分為下列四種型式；</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">a</span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">徑向</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">b</span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">軸向</span></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">c</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">萬向</span></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">d.</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">角型</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">機械電子工業(yè)部1988-06-12批準--------1989-01-01實施</span></strong></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">4.2</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">標度盤公稱直徑</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">溫度計的標度盤公稱直徑為60，100，1500mm</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">4.3 </span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">測量范圍</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">溫度計的測量范圍應符合表1的規(guī)定。</span></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">表1</span></div> <table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="width: 378pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="504"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">測 量 范 圍</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width: 378pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="504"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">-80 </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">～ +40</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width: 378pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="504"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">-40 </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">～ +80</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width: 378pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="504"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">0 </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">～ 50</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width: 378pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="504"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">0 </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">～ 100</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width: 378pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="504"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">0 </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">～ 150</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width: 378pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="504"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">0 </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">～ 200</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width: 378pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="504"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">0 </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">～ 300</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width: 378pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="504"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">0 </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">～ 400</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width: 378pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="504"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">0 </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">～ 500</span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">4.4</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">準確度等級</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">溫度計的準確度等級為1，1.5，（2.5）</span></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">注：括號內的準確度等級不推薦采用。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">4.5</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">檢驗元件直徑及安裝螺紋</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">檢驗元件直徑及安裝螺紋應符合表2規(guī)定。</span></div> <table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="width: 121.5pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="162"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">標度盤公稱直徑</span></div> </td> <td style="width: 121.5pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="162"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">檢驗元件直徑</span></div> </td> <td style="width: 121.5pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="162"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">安裝螺紋</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width: 121.5pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="162"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">60</span></div> </td> <td style="width: 121.5pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="162"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">4</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">，6</span></div> </td> <td style="width: 121.5pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="162"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">M 16×1.5</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width: 121.5pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="162"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">100</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">，150</span></div> </td> <td style="width: 121.5pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="162"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">8</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">，10</span></div> </td> <td style="width: 121.5pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="162"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">M27×2</span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div> </div> <div> </div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">4.6</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">插入長度</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">溫度計的插入長度為75，100，150，200，250，300，400，500mm。</span></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">注：插入長度大于500mm的，由制造廠與用方商定。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">4.7</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">護套的公稱壓力</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">溫度計護套的公稱壓力應從1.0，1.6，2.5，4.0，6.4MPa系列中選取。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">4.8</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">安裝連接方式</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">溫度計的安裝連接方式分為下列四種（見附錄A）；</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">a. </span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">可調管接頭；</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">b.</span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">管接頭（外螺紋）；</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">c.</span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">管接頭（內螺紋）；</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">d. </span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">固定螺紋。</span></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">4.9</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">指示調整機構</span></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">溫度計按指示裝置有無指示調整機構分為下列三種：</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">a. </span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">無指示調整機構；</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">b.</span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">外部指示調整機構；</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">c.</span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">內部指示調整機構。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">5</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">技術要求</span></strong></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">5.1</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">正常工作條件</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">溫度計的正常工作條件應符合表3規(guī)定。</span></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">表3</span></div> <table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="width: 126pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="168"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">工 作 場 所</span></div> </td> <td style="width: 126pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="168"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">溫 度 ℃</span></div> </td> <td style="width: 126pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="168"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">相 對 濕 度 %</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width: 126pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="168"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">掩蔽場所</span></div> </td> <td style="width: 126pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="168"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">-25 </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">～ +55</span></div> </td> <td style="width: 126pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="168"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">5 </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">～ 100</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width: 126pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="168"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">戶外場所</span></div> </td> <td style="width: 126pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="168"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">-40 </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">～ +85</span></div> </td> <td style="width: 126pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="168"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">5 </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">～ 100</span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">注：特殊的工作條件，由制造廠與用戶商定。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">5.2</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">外觀、結構及裝配質量</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">溫度計的外觀、結構及裝配質量應符合下列要求：</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">a.</span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">溫度計各零部件不得有銹蝕，保護層應牢固、均勻和光潔；</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">b. </span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">溫度計表面的玻璃或其他透明材料應保持透明，不得有妨礙正確讀數(shù)的缺點；</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">c. </span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">溫度計的型式、基本參數(shù)及尺寸（尺寸公差按制造廠有關規(guī)定）應符合4章的規(guī)定；</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">d.</span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">溫度計的指針和標度盤應符合ZBY122和ZBY123的規(guī)定；指針長度（指針的回轉中心到指示高等的長度）應符合表4規(guī)定；指針指示部分與標度盤平面間的距離應不大于5mm；圓形標度為270°～ 300°的部分圓形；指針、標度盤及標度和標志應不變色和褪色。</span></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">表四</span></div> <table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="width: 189.75pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="253"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">標度盤公稱直徑</span></div> </td> <td style="width: 188.25pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="251"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">指針長度</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width: 189.75pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="253"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">60</span></div> </td> <td style="width: 188.25pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="251"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">≥23</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width: 189.75pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="253"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">100</span></div> </td> <td style="width: 188.25pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="251"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">≥36</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width: 189.75pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="253"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">150</span></div> </td> <td style="width: 188.25pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="251"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">≥57</span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">5.3</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">基本誤差限</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">溫度計的基本誤差限應符合表5規(guī)定。</span></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">表五</span></div> <table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="width: 189.75pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="253"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">精度等級</span></div> </td> <td style="width: 188.25pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="251"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">基本誤差 %</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width: 189.75pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="253"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">1.0</span></div> </td> <td style="width: 188.25pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="251"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">量程的±1.0</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width: 189.75pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="253"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">1.5</span></div> </td> <td style="width: 188.25pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="251"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">量程的±1.5</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width: 189.75pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="253"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">(2.5)</span></div> </td> <td style="width: 188.25pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="251"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">量程的±2.5</span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">5.4</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">回差</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">溫度計的回差應不大于基本誤差限的值。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">5.5</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">重復性</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">溫度計的重復性應不大于基本誤差限值的二分之一。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">5.6</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">熱穩(wěn)定性</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">溫度計的檢驗元件在測量上限保持表6規(guī)定的時間后，仍應符合5.3條的要求。</span></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">表6</span></div> <table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td style="width: 189.75pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="253"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">測量上限℃</span></div> </td> <td style="width: 188.25pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="251"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">保持時間h</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width: 189.75pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="253"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">≤300</span></div> </td> <td style="width: 188.25pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="251"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">24</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width: 189.75pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="253"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">400</span></div> </td> <td style="width: 188.25pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="251"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">12</span></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="width: 189.75pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="253"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">500</span></div> </td> <td style="width: 188.25pt; background-color: transparent; border-color: #f4f4f4; padding: 0cm;" width="251"> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">4</span></div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">5.7</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">時間常數(shù) </span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">溫度計的時間常數(shù)應不大于40s。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">5.8</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">耐振性</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">溫度計應能承受頻率為25Hz，位移幅值為0.6mm，振動波形為正弦波，總計24h的耐振性試驗。試驗后，渴度計仍應符合5.3條的規(guī)定，且無機械損壞。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">5.9</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">位置影響</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">溫度計從參比工作位置向前、后、左、右傾斜90°時造成的示值變化應不大于基本誤差限的值。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">5.10</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">耐壓</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">溫度計的護套應能承受1.5倍公稱壓力的耐壓試驗，不出現(xiàn)損壞和滲漏。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">5.11</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">運輸、運輸貯存基本環(huán)境條件</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">帶出廠包裝的溫度計應能承受按ZBY002規(guī)定的高溫（+55℃）、低溫（-40℃）、連續(xù)沖擊（加速度：98m/s²，脈沖持續(xù)時間：11ms）和自由跌落（高度：250mm）試驗。試驗后仍應符合5.2、5.3、5.4和5.5條的規(guī)定。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">6</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">試驗方法</span></strong></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">6.1</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">外觀、結構及裝配質量檢查</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">按5.2條的要求用目檢法和相應的工具進行檢查。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">6.2</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">基本誤差限試驗</span></strong></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">6.2.1</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">試驗條件</span></strong></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">a.</span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">環(huán)境溫度為15～35℃，相對溫度為45%～75%，大氣壓力為86kPa～106kPa；</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">b. </span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">溫度計的置入長度應符合產(chǎn)品使用說明書的要求；</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">c.</span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">無顛震和振動。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">6.2.2</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">試驗設備和標準儀表</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">試驗設備為恒溫槽，標準儀表為標準溫度計。測量恒溫槽溫度時，所采用的測量方法的較限誤差應不大于被試溫度計基本誤差限的四分之一。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">6.2.3</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">試驗點</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">每臺溫度計的試驗點不得少于4個，且應均勻分布在測量范圍內的長標度線上（包括測量上限、下限和0℃）。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">6.2.4</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">試驗要求</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">將被試溫度計的檢驗元件與標準溫度計插在恒溫槽中，恒溫槽溫度應穩(wěn)定在規(guī)定的試驗點溫度，由標準溫度計讀數(shù)，然后讀取被試溫度計的示值。</span></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">被試溫度計與標準溫度計示值的差值，即為溫度計在該試驗點的基本誤差。</span></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">應沿正反行程在各試驗點至少各試驗一次，每次試驗的結果均應符合5.3條的規(guī)定。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">6.3</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">回差試驗</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">回差試驗采用與基本誤差限試驗相同的試驗條件、試驗設備、標準儀表、試驗點（除被測量上限和下限外）和方法，并與基本誤差限試驗同時進行。在每一試驗點正、反行程的示值的差值，即為溫度計的回差，它應符合5.4條的規(guī)定。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">6.4</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">重復性試驗</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">重復性試驗采用與基本誤差限試驗相同的試驗條件、試驗設備、標準儀表和試驗點。應沿同一行程（正行程或反行程）在每個試驗點至少讀取三次的示值。沿同一行程在每個試驗點諸示值間的非常大差值即為溫度計的重復性，它應符合5.5條的規(guī)定。同時，仍應符合5.3、5.4條的規(guī)定。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">6.5</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">熱穩(wěn)定性試驗</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">溫度計的檢驗元件插入恒溫裝置中，在測量上限保持表6規(guī)定的時間。試驗時，恒溫裝置的溫度表化應不大于±2℃。試驗后，溫度計仍應符合5.6條的規(guī)定。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">6.6</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">時間常數(shù)試驗</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">溫度計的檢驗元件處于是溫度較低的介質中，待示值穩(wěn)定后迅速移入處于另一溫度較高的恒溫槽內（前一種介質的溫度與恒溫槽的溫度之差大于溫度計量程的50%，以形成溫度階躍），同時啟動秒表，當溫度計示值的變化達到溫度之差（階躍值）的63.2%時，嵌停秒表。秒表所記下的時間即為時間常數(shù)，它應符合5.7條的規(guī)定。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">6.7</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">耐振性試驗</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">將溫度計安裝在振動臺上。溫度計的標度盤應與重力加速度向平行。然后經(jīng)受符合5.8條規(guī)定的鉛垂方向振動。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">6.8</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">位置影響試驗</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">將在室溫條件下的溫度計從參比工作位置前、后、左、右各傾斜90°，然后測量由此產(chǎn)生的示值變化。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">6.9</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">耐壓試驗</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">溫度計護套的耐壓試驗應在室溫條件下用水進行外壓試驗，試驗壓力為公稱壓力的1.5倍，試驗時間為1min。試驗過程中，護套應不損壞和滲漏。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">6.10</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">運輸、運輸貯存基本環(huán)境條件試驗</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">將帶出廠包裝的溫度計按ZBY002和5.11條的規(guī)定進行高溫、低溫、連續(xù)沖擊和自由跌落試驗。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">7</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">檢驗規(guī)則</span></strong></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">7.1</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">出廠檢驗</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">每臺溫度計均應按5.2、5.3條的要求和6.1、6.2條的試驗方法進行出廠檢驗。經(jīng)出廠檢驗合格的溫度計方能出廠，并應附有合格證。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">7.2</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">檢驗</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">溫度計有下列情況之一，應進行型式檢驗：</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">a.</span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">新產(chǎn)品試制或老產(chǎn)品轉廠生產(chǎn)時；</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">b.</span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">正式生產(chǎn)后，如結構、材料、工藝有非常大改變，可能影響產(chǎn)品性能時；</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">c. </span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">正常生產(chǎn)時，定期或積累一定產(chǎn)量后，應周期性進行一次檢驗；</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">d.</span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">產(chǎn)品長期停產(chǎn)后，恢復生產(chǎn)時；</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">e.</span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">出廠檢驗結果與上次型式檢驗有非常大差異時；</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">f. </span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">國家質量監(jiān)督機構提出進行型式檢驗的要求時。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">8</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">標志、包裝</span></strong></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">8.1</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">標志</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">溫度計的標度盤上應有以下標志：</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">a. </span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">制造廠名或廠標；</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">b.</span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">產(chǎn)品名稱；</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">c.</span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">產(chǎn)品型號；</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">d.</span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">測量單位符號“℃”；</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">e.</span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">準確度等級；</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">f. </span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">產(chǎn)品編號與制造年月。</span></div> <div><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">8.2</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">包裝</span></strong></div> <div><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black;">溫度計的包裝應符合ZBY003的規(guī)定。</span></div>